Photo Credit Kathrin Ziegler/Digital Vision/Getty Images Nutrition plays a large role in both prevention and management of diabetes. There are two main types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 often occurs during childhood, while type 2 most commonly affects adults. In the case of type 2 diabetes, if it is caught in the early stages, dietary changes may help to prevent borderline diabetes from turning into diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes occurs when the immune system attacks the pancreas and destroys the cells that make insulin. Type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented, but it can be managed with diet and medications. Type 2 occurs when the body does not use insulin properly. If high blood sugar levels are caught early, changes to diet and getting regular physical activity can prevent the development of type 2 diabetes and return blood sugar levels to normal, claims the American Diabetic Association. For some, diet and exercise are more effective at preventing type 2 diabetes then medication.

While the exact reasons why some people get type 2 diabetes and others do not is still unclear, the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse states that obesity, especially excess weight around the waist and a lack of exercise, play a major role. Being overweight can keep your body from making and using insulin properly.

The goal is to take steps to prevent this condition from developing in those at high risk. Since insulin resistance and pre-diabetes can exist without ever causing symptoms, a blood test may be the only way to detect this condition in the early stages. A simple blood test can show the level of blood sugar and catch this condition early.

Pre-diabetes means that blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to diagnose diabetes. At this stage, lifestyle changes may be all that are needed to prevent serious illness.

The first step in using diet to prevent diabetes is to eat to support weight loss, if necessary. In general, an adult who has a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 29.9 is considered overweight, and when the BMI reaches 30 or higher, obesity is diagnosed. The National Diabetes Education Program, suggests that an overweight 200-lb. person who loses just 10 to 15 lbs. can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.

For most, the goal is to shed 5 to 7 percent of current body weight to gain benefits. Since 1 lb. is equal to 3, 500 calories, to lose 1 lb. per week, there must be a deficit of 500 calories per day. To lose 2 lbs. per week, there must be a 1, 000-calorie deficit. Initially, it may be necessary to weigh and measure food to learn what an actual portion size is and to make sure that not too many calories are being consumed.

Along with restricting calorie intake to promote weight loss, it is also important to choose the right foods. MayoClinic.com recommends consuming low-fat, high-fiber foods with plenty of whole grains, fruits and vegetables.